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Lyrics (Arabic)
Transliteration
English translation

هو صحيح الهوى غلاب

Howwa sahih el-hawa ghallab

Is it true, then, that love conquers all?

ما اعرفش انا

Ma'rafsh ana

I wouldn't know

والهجر قالوا مرار وعذاب

Wel-hagr alu morar we 'azab

And absence, they say, is bitterness and torment

واليوم بسنة

Wel-yom be-sana

And a single day can last a year

جاني الهوى من غير مواعيد

Gani el-hawa men gheir mawa'id

Love came to me without any appointment

وكل مدى حلاوته تزيد

We-koll mada halawto tezid

And the longer it stays, the sweeter it grows

ما احسبش يوم ح ياخدني بعيد

Mahsebsh yom ha-yakhodni be'id

I never dreamed it would carry me this far one day

يمنّي قلبي بالأفراح

Yemanni albi bel-afrah

It keeps promising my heart nothing but joys

وارجع وقلبي كله جراح

W-arga' we albi kollo gerah

And I come back, my heart nothing but wounds

ازاي يا ترى

Ezzay ya tara

How, I wonder?

اهو ده اللي جرى

Aho da elli gara

So this is what has happened

وانا ما اعرفش

W-ana ma'rafsh

And I never knew a thing

ما اعرفش انا

Ma'rafsh ana

I never knew a thing

نظرة وكنت احسبها سلام وتمرّ قوام

Nazra we kont ahsebha salam we temorr awam

A glance — I took it for a greeting that would pass in a moment

اتاري فيها وعود وعهود وصدود وآلام

Atari fiha w'oud we 'ohoud we sedoud we alam

It turned out to hold promises, vows, rebuffs, and pains

وعود لا تصدق ولا تنصان

W'oud la tessadda' wala tensan

Promises never to be believed, never honored

عهود مع اللي ما لهوش امان

'Ohoud ma'a elli ma lohsh aman

Vows made with one who knows no faithfulness

وصبر على ذلة وحرمان

We sabr 'ala zella we herman

And patience through humiliation and denial

وبدال ما اقول حرمت خلاص

We badal ma a'oul heremt khalas

And instead of saying: enough, I forswear it all

اقول يا رب زدني كمان

A'oul ya rabb zedni kaman

I say: Lord, give me more

ازاي يا ترى

Ezzay ya tara

How, I wonder?

اهو ده اللي جرى

Aho da elli gara

So this is what has happened

وانا ما اعرفش

W-ana ma'rafsh

And I never knew a thing

ما اعرفش انا

Ma'rafsh ana

I never knew a thing

يا قلبي آه

Ya albi ah

O my heart — ah

الحب وراه

El-hobb warah

In love's wake come

اشجان والم

Ashgan we alam

sorrows and pain

واندم واتوب

W-andam w-atoub

I regret, I repent

وعلى المكتوب

We 'ala el-maktoub

But against what is written

ما يفيدش ندم

Ma yefidsh nadam

regret is no use

يا ريت انا اقدر اختار

Ya reit ana a'dar akhtar

If only I were able to choose

ولا كنت اعيش بين جنة ونار

Wala kont a'ish bein ganna we nar

I would not be living between a paradise and a fire

نهاري ليل وليلي نهار

Nahari leil we leili nahar

My day is night, and my night is day

اهل الهوى وصفوا لي دواه

Ahl el-hawa wasafou li dawah

The people of love prescribed me its cure

لقيت دواه زوّد في اساه

La'eit dawah zawwed fi asah

I found the cure only deepened the ache

ازاي يا ترى

Ezzay ya tara

How, I wonder?

اهو ده اللي جرى

Aho da elli gara

So this is what has happened

وانا ما اعرفش

W-ana ma'rafsh

And I never knew a thing

ما اعرفش انا

Ma'rafsh ana

I never knew a thing

What this song means

On the night of December 1, 1960, Umm Kulthum stepped onto the stage with a new song by two very old friends. “Howwa Sahih el-Hawa Ghallab” — Is It True Love Conquers All? — reunited her with the lyricist Bayram al-Tunisi and the composer Zakariyya Ahmad, the team behind her wartime triumphs of the 1940s, after an estrangement of roughly twelve years that had begun with the sheikh’s bitter royalties lawsuit against her. The reconciliation became a farewell almost at once: Bayram died on January 6, 1961, and Zakariyya — too ill to attend the premiere, listening to the broadcast, the story goes, from his old quarter of Darb al-Masmat — followed on February 14. The song was the last thing the three of them ever made together, and Egyptian critics have called it exactly what it is: misk el-khitam, the perfumed seal at the end of the letter.

Bayram builds the lyric on a piece of folk wisdom everyone in Egypt carries: el-hawa ghallab, love always wins. His singer holds the proverb up to the light and asks, with studied innocence, whether it is actually true — then immediately pleads ignorance: ma’rafsh ana, “I wouldn’t know.” The pose of naivety is the engine of the whole text. Verse by verse she recounts precisely the experience she claims not to have — love arriving without appointment, a glance that turned out to contain “promises, vows, rebuffs, and pains,” patience through humiliation — until the evidence closes over her. The masterstroke is the couplet audiences demanded again and again: instead of saying “enough, I forswear love,” she hears herself pray, “Lord, give me more.” The opening question answers itself without ever being answered; the refrain — ezzay ya tara, “how, I wonder?” — returns after each verse like a verdict of happy bewilderment.

Zakariyya Ahmad set the words in maqam Saba, the mode Arabic tradition associates with grief so strongly that most composers simply avoid it, and did something perverse and wonderful: he made Saba delight. Analysts of the song — Victor Sahab devotes one of his most admiring pages to it — hear perhaps the deepest use of the maqam in the modern repertoire, yet a melody that leans toward tarab rather than mourning, lilting almost to the edge of dance at “promises never to be believed.” The form is a monologue in three verses of different melody, each delivered to the refrain in turn; the first climbs to a peak of anguish at “it promises my heart joys,” the second moves into the shaded Bayati Shuri, and the third opens high in Rast and sinks toward Ajam as the singer surrenders choice itself to el-maktoub, what is written. Across a live performance the piece stretched to nearly an hour, Umm Kulthum reworking single lines while the audience called for more.

It was, in every sense, the end of an era performed in public. The same December night she premiered “Hobb Eih,” the first song written for her by the young Baligh Hamdi — so a single concert contained both the final masterpiece of the sheikh who had guarded the old Egyptian sound in her repertoire and the debut of the composer who would define her 1960s. She is said to have wept on stage singing Zakariyya’s melody, and listeners have heard the tears in the recording ever since. “Howwa Sahih el-Hawa Ghallab” closes the story that “Ana Fi Intizarak” and “Ghanni Li Shwayya” began in the 1940s: the vernacular poet, the sheikh-composer, and the voice that carried them — asking one last time whether love conquers all, and knowing the answer perfectly well.

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History

The Films of Umm Kulthum

Umm Kulthum made six musical films between 1936 and 1947, from Widad to Fatma. Why she went before the camera, the songs her films carried, and why she stopped.

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Biography

Umm Kulthum: A Life

The life of Umm Kulthum: from a Nile Delta village and Quranic training to Cairo's radio age, the national concerts, and the funeral of the century.

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